高雄區105 學年度公立高職聯合招考轉學生
升高二數學科試題詳解
升高二數學科試題詳解
單選題
1. 在坐標平面上,若\(a>0\)且\(b<0\),則點\((ab^2,b-a)\)在第幾象限內?
(A) 一 (B) 二 (C) 三 (D) 四
$$ \begin{cases}a>0 \\ b<0 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}ab^2 >0 \\ b-a<0 \end{cases} \Rightarrow (正,負)在第四象限,故選:\bbox[red,2pt]{(D)}$$
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) \(5\sqrt 2\) (D)\(3\sqrt 2\)
解:$$\begin{cases}P(-2, (-2)^2+1)= (-2,5) \\ Q(3,3^2+1) =(3,10)\end{cases} \Rightarrow \overline{PQ}= \sqrt{5^2+5^2} =5\sqrt 2, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(C)}$$
(A) \(\cos 40^\circ\) (B) \(\sin 40^\circ\) (C) \(\sin 230^\circ\) (A) \(\cos 230^\circ\)
解:
$$\sin 130^\circ = \sin 50^\circ= \cos 40^\circ, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(A)}$$
(A)-2 (B) -3 (C) \(-2 \sqrt 2\) (D) \(-2\sqrt 3\)
解:$$\tan \theta =\sqrt 2\Rightarrow \begin{cases}\sin \theta = -\sqrt 2/\sqrt 3 \\ \cos \theta =-1 /\sqrt 3\end{cases} \Rightarrow \sqrt 6 \sin \theta +\sqrt 3\cos \theta = -2 -1 = -3, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(B)}$$
$$5. 已知\tan \theta = {3\over 4},則{2\sin \theta-\cos\theta \over 3\cos \theta+\sin \theta}=?\\(A){2\over 3}\qquad(B){2\over 15}\qquad (C)12\qquad (D)32 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\tan \theta = {3\over 4} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}\sin \theta=3/5 \\ \cos \theta =4/5\end{cases} \Rightarrow {2\sin \theta-\cos\theta \over 3\cos \theta+\sin \theta}= {6/5-4/5 \over 12/5+3/5} ={2/5 \over 3} ={2\over 15}, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(B)}$$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\begin{cases}A(2,-3) \\ B(-4,1) \\ C(x,y)\end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \overrightarrow{BC} =(x+4,y-1) \\ \overrightarrow{AC} =(x-2,y+3)\end{cases} \Rightarrow 3\overrightarrow{BC} =2 \overrightarrow{AC} \Rightarrow (3x+12, 3y-3)= (2x-4,2y+6)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=-16 \\ y=9\end{cases}, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(B)}$$
$$7. 設\vec u,\vec v為平面上的兩個單位向量,若其內積為-{1\over \sqrt 2},則\vec u與\vec v的夾角為何?\\(A)30^\circ \qquad(B)45^\circ \qquad (C)120^\circ \qquad (D)135^\circ \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\vec u\cdot \vec v=|\vec u||\vec v|\cos \theta \Rightarrow -{1\over \sqrt 2}= 1\times 1\times \cos \theta \Rightarrow \cos \theta= -{1\over \sqrt 2} \Rightarrow \theta =135^\circ, 故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(D)}$$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\vec a \bot \vec b \Rightarrow \vec a\cdot \vec b=0 \Rightarrow 3x-36=0 \Rightarrow x=12;\\又\vec b//\vec c \Rightarrow {x \over -8}= {-9 \over y} \Rightarrow {12 \over -8}={-9 \over y} \Rightarrow y=6 \Rightarrow 3x-2y=36-12 =24,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(C)} $$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
1\times 1+(-2)\times (-1)+3\times 1 =6,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(C)} $$
解:
$$利用長除法,如上圖,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(D)}$$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
令f(x)=x^5+ax^4+bx^3-5x^2+2x-3 \Rightarrow \begin{cases}f(1)=0\\ f(-1)=0 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}1+a+b-5+2-3=0\\ -1+a-b-5-2-3=0 \end{cases} \\\Rightarrow \begin{cases}a+b =5\\ a-b=11 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}a=8\\ b=-3 \end{cases} \Rightarrow 3a-b=24+3=27,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(B)}$$
$$12. 設x、y、k均為實數,若|x-1|+|2x+y-4|+ |x-2y+k|=0則k值為何?\\(A)3 \qquad(B)2 \qquad (C)-3 \qquad (D)-2 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
|x-1|+|2x+y-4|+ |x-2y+k|=0 \Rightarrow \begin{cases} x-1=0\\ 2x+y-4=0 \\ x-2y+k=0\end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases}x=1\\ 2+y-4=0 \\ 1-2y+k=0 \end{cases} \\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases}y=2 \\ 1-4+k=0 \end{cases} \Rightarrow k=3,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(A)}$$
$$13. 設a、b、c、d、e、f均為實數,若行列式\begin{vmatrix}a & 1 & d\\ b & 1 &e \\c & 1 & f \end{vmatrix}=-3,則\begin{vmatrix} -3a & 2 & d\\ -3b & 2 &e \\15c & -10 & -5f \end{vmatrix}=?\\(A)90 \qquad(B)-90 \qquad (C)240 \qquad (D)-240 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\begin{vmatrix}a & 1 & d\\ b & 1 &e \\c & 1 & f \end{vmatrix}=-3 \Rightarrow \begin{vmatrix}-3a & 1 & d\\ -3b & 1 &e \\ -3c & 1 & f \end{vmatrix}= (-3)\times (-3)=9 \Rightarrow \begin{vmatrix}-3a & 2 & d\\ -3b & 2 &e \\ -3c & 2 & f \end{vmatrix}= 9\times 2=18 \\\Rightarrow \begin{vmatrix}-3a & 2 & d\\ -3b & 2 &e \\ 15c & -10 & -5f \end{vmatrix}= 18\times (-5) =-90,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(B)}$$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\begin{vmatrix}-4 & 5 \\ -2 & 3 \end{vmatrix}= -12+10=-2 ,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(B)}$$
$$\begin{cases} f(x,y)=3x+y \\ A(2,2) \\B(1,4) \\C(3,6) \\ D(5,3)\end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} f(A)=8 \\ f(B)=7 \\ f(C)=15 \\ f(D)=18 \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 最大值18 \\ 最小值7 \end{cases},故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(C)}$$
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
3x^2+3x \ge 6 \Rightarrow x^2+x-2 \ge 0 \Rightarrow (x+2)(x-1)\ge 0 \Rightarrow x\le -2或x\ge 1,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(A)}$$
$$18. 設A(-1,2)、B(7,-2)為平面上二點,若點P(m,n)在線段\overline{AB}上且\overline{AP}:\overline{PB} =3:1,\\則m+n之值為何?(A)2 \qquad(B)2.5 \qquad (C)4 \qquad (D)4.5 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\begin{cases} m={-1+3\times 7 \over 3+1} =5\\ n={2+3\times (-2) \over 3+1} = -1 \end{cases} \Rightarrow m+n =4,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(C)} $$
解:$$ y=x^2+ax-b =(x+1)(x-2) =x^2-x-2 \Rightarrow \begin{cases} a= -1\\ b=2\end{cases} \Rightarrow a+b=1 ,故選\bbox[red,2pt]{(B)}$$
$$20. 設\vec a=(4,3),\vec b=(x,y)為平面上兩向量且4x^2+9y^2=40,則此二向量內積\vec a \cdot \vec b的最大值為何?\\(A)12\sqrt 3 \qquad(B)10\sqrt 3 \qquad (C)12\sqrt 2 \qquad (D)10\sqrt 2 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\vec a \cdot \vec b=4x+3y \Rightarrow ((2x)^2+ (3y)^2)(2^2+1^2) \ge (4x+3y)^2 \Rightarrow 40\times 5 \ge (\vec a\cdot \vec b)^2 \\ \Rightarrow (\vec a\cdot \vec b)^2\le 200 \Rightarrow -10\sqrt 2\le \vec a\cdot \vec b\le 10\sqrt 2,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(D)}$$
$$21. 不等式|5x+1|<11的解為何?\\(A)-{12\over 5} < x< 2 \qquad(B)x < -{3\over 2}或x > 2 \qquad (C)-2< x< {12\over 5} \qquad (D)x <-2 或x> {3\over 2} \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
|5x+1|<11 \Rightarrow -11< 5x+1 < 11 \Rightarrow -12< 5x < 10 \Rightarrow -{12\over 5} < x < 2,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(A)}$$
$$22. 下列方程式何者沒有實數解?\\(A)x^2+x+1=0 \qquad(B)x^2+x-1=0 \qquad (C)x^2+4x+4=0 \qquad (D)x^2-4x+4 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
x^2+x+1=0 判別式為1-4=-3<0 \Rightarrow 無實數解,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(A)}$$
$$23. 分式方程式{-1 \over 3x+1} ={2\over x-9}的解為何?\\(A)1 \qquad(B)2 \qquad (C)3 \qquad (D)4 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
{-1 \over 3x+1} ={2\over x-9} \Rightarrow -(x-9)=2(3x+1) \Rightarrow -x+9=6x+2 \Rightarrow x=1,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(A)}$$
$$24. \sec^2 240^\circ +\tan 135^\circ=\\(A)-1 \qquad(B)1 \qquad (C)-{3\over 4} \qquad (D)3 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\sec^2 240^\circ +\tan 135^\circ= \sec^2 60^\circ-\tan 45^\circ = 4- 1 =3,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(D)}$$
$$25. \sin^2 240^\circ +\cos^2 600^\circ +\csc^2 1680^\circ -\cot^2 2220^\circ=\\(A)-1 \qquad(B)0 \qquad (C)1 \qquad (D)2 \\
\color{blue}{\textbf{解}}:\\
\sin^2 240^\circ +\cos^2 600^\circ +\csc^2 1680^\circ -\cot^2 2220^\circ= \sin^2 60^\circ +\cos^2 60^\circ +\csc^2 60^\circ -\cot^2 60^\circ \\= {3\over 4}+{1\over 4} +{4\over 3}-{1\over 3}=2,故選\bbox[red, 2pt]{(D)}$$
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